MS013715 (gene) Bitter gourd (TR) v1

Overview
NameMS013715
Typegene
OrganismMomordica charantia cv. TR (Bitter gourd (TR) v1)
DescriptionGlutathione transferase
Locationscaffold263: 410830 .. 411671 (+)
RNA-Seq ExpressionMS013715
SyntenyMS013715
Sequences
The following sequences are available for this feature:

Gene sequence (with intron)

Legend: CDSpolypeptide
Hold the cursor over a type above to highlight its positions in the sequence below.
TCGGTGTCAATGGCGAGCAGCATCAAAGTCCACGGAATCCCCATTTCCACAGCCACCTGTAGGGTTCTAGCTTGTCTGTACGAGAAGGAGCTTCAATTCGAGCTCGTTAATGTCAAAATGCACGAAGAGGAACATAAGAAAGAGCCCTTCCTCTCACTCAATGTAAGTTTGAAACTTTCGATGCCCTAGCTTGCGTTAATTTTTGTGGGGTTTTCACTTGATGCCTGGTTTGGTTGGTTGGTTGATTTGGCAGCCGTTTGGTCAAATTCCTGGGTTCCAAGATGGAGATTTCTCGCTTTTTGGTAAAAATTTATTTGTCTCTTACTTTAAATTTCTAGAGAAATCGTGGTTGTTTGTCTTTGCACACAAGGTGTTTGATAATTTTCCTGTGTGTAGAATCCAGGGCAATCACGCAGTACATCTCGGCAAATTATGCTACTAATGGAACCCAATTGATTTCCCAAGACCCCAAGAAAATGGGGGCCATATTAACGTGGGTTGAGGTGGAGAGCCACCATTTTGACCAAGCAGCCATGAAAGTGATTTGGGAGCTCTGCTTAAAGCCAATGTTGGGTTTGGGTGAGGCAGATGCTGCTGTGGCTGAGAAAGGTGAAGCTGAGTTAGGCAAAGTTCTTGATATCTATGAGAAGAAGCTGGCTCAGTCCAAGTACTTGGCTGGTGAGTCCTTCACTTTGGCTGACCTGCACCATCTCCCTACTTTAGACTACTTGATGGGGACACGGTCCAAGAAACTGTTCGAAGCTCGCCCCCATGTCAATGCCTGGGTGGCTGATATCATGGCCAGGCCAGCTTGGGCCAAGGTGCTTGCTCTGCGCACCCAG

mRNA sequence

TCGGTGTCAATGGCGAGCAGCATCAAAGTCCACGGAATCCCCATTTCCACAGCCACCTGTAGGGTTCTAGCTTGTCTGTACGAGAAGGAGCTTCAATTCGAGCTCGTTAATGTCAAAATGCACGAAGAGGAACATAAGAAAGAGCCCTTCCTCTCACTCAATCCGTTTGGTCAAATTCCTGGGTTCCAAGATGGAGATTTCTCGCTTTTTGAATCCAGGGCAATCACGCAGTACATCTCGGCAAATTATGCTACTAATGGAACCCAATTGATTTCCCAAGACCCCAAGAAAATGGGGGCCATATTAACGTGGGTTGAGGTGGAGAGCCACCATTTTGACCAAGCAGCCATGAAAGTGATTTGGGAGCTCTGCTTAAAGCCAATGTTGGGTTTGGGTGAGGCAGATGCTGCTGTGGCTGAGAAAGGTGAAGCTGAGTTAGGCAAAGTTCTTGATATCTATGAGAAGAAGCTGGCTCAGTCCAAGTACTTGGCTGGTGAGTCCTTCACTTTGGCTGACCTGCACCATCTCCCTACTTTAGACTACTTGATGGGGACACGGTCCAAGAAACTGTTCGAAGCTCGCCCCCATGTCAATGCCTGGGTGGCTGATATCATGGCCAGGCCAGCTTGGGCCAAGGTGCTTGCTCTGCGCACCCAG

Coding sequence (CDS)

TCGGTGTCAATGGCGAGCAGCATCAAAGTCCACGGAATCCCCATTTCCACAGCCACCTGTAGGGTTCTAGCTTGTCTGTACGAGAAGGAGCTTCAATTCGAGCTCGTTAATGTCAAAATGCACGAAGAGGAACATAAGAAAGAGCCCTTCCTCTCACTCAATCCGTTTGGTCAAATTCCTGGGTTCCAAGATGGAGATTTCTCGCTTTTTGAATCCAGGGCAATCACGCAGTACATCTCGGCAAATTATGCTACTAATGGAACCCAATTGATTTCCCAAGACCCCAAGAAAATGGGGGCCATATTAACGTGGGTTGAGGTGGAGAGCCACCATTTTGACCAAGCAGCCATGAAAGTGATTTGGGAGCTCTGCTTAAAGCCAATGTTGGGTTTGGGTGAGGCAGATGCTGCTGTGGCTGAGAAAGGTGAAGCTGAGTTAGGCAAAGTTCTTGATATCTATGAGAAGAAGCTGGCTCAGTCCAAGTACTTGGCTGGTGAGTCCTTCACTTTGGCTGACCTGCACCATCTCCCTACTTTAGACTACTTGATGGGGACACGGTCCAAGAAACTGTTCGAAGCTCGCCCCCATGTCAATGCCTGGGTGGCTGATATCATGGCCAGGCCAGCTTGGGCCAAGGTGCTTGCTCTGCGCACCCAG

Protein sequence

SVSMASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQDGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWELCLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLMGTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALRTQ
Homology
BLAST of MS013715 vs. NCBI nr
Match: XP_022151657.1 (glutathione S-transferase PARB-like [Momordica charantia])

HSP 1 Score: 434.9 bits (1117), Expect = 4.2e-118
Identity = 215/216 (99.54%), Postives = 215/216 (99.54%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 4   MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ 63
           MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ
Sbjct: 1   MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ 60

Query: 64  DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL 123
           DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL
Sbjct: 61  DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL 120

Query: 124 CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM 183
           CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQS YLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM
Sbjct: 121 CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSTYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM 180

Query: 184 GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALRTQ 220
           GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALRTQ
Sbjct: 181 GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALRTQ 216

BLAST of MS013715 vs. NCBI nr
Match: XP_022960088.1 (glutathione S-transferase PARB-like [Cucurbita moschata] >KAG6593186.1 Glutathione S-transferase PARB, partial [Cucurbita argyrosperma subsp. sororia])

HSP 1 Score: 353.6 bits (906), Expect = 1.2e-93
Identity = 166/214 (77.57%), Postives = 186/214 (86.92%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 4   MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ 63
           MA+SIKVHG+P S  TCRVLACLYEKEL++E V +KMHE EHKK+PFLS+NPFGQ+PGFQ
Sbjct: 1   MATSIKVHGVPFSGPTCRVLACLYEKELEYEFVKLKMHEGEHKKQPFLSINPFGQVPGFQ 60

Query: 64  DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL 123
           DGD +LFESRAITQYI  NYA NGTQLI QDPKK   +LTW+EVESHH+D  A K++ EL
Sbjct: 61  DGDLTLFESRAITQYIVGNYANNGTQLIFQDPKKAAIVLTWIEVESHHYDPPASKLVLEL 120

Query: 124 CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM 183
           CLKP+LG GE DAAV E+ EAEL KVLDIYE +LAQSKYL GESFTLADLHHLPT+DYL 
Sbjct: 121 CLKPLLGWGETDAAVVEQSEAELAKVLDIYEDRLAQSKYLGGESFTLADLHHLPTIDYLF 180

Query: 184 GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALR 218
           GT+ KKLFE+RPHVNAW ADIMARPAWAKVLALR
Sbjct: 181 GTQMKKLFESRPHVNAWAADIMARPAWAKVLALR 214

BLAST of MS013715 vs. NCBI nr
Match: XP_023004652.1 (glutathione S-transferase PARB-like [Cucurbita maxima])

HSP 1 Score: 350.9 bits (899), Expect = 7.9e-93
Identity = 164/214 (76.64%), Postives = 185/214 (86.45%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 4   MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ 63
           MA+SI+VHG+P S  TCRVLACLYEKEL++E V +KMHE EHKK+PFLS+NPFGQ+PGFQ
Sbjct: 1   MATSIRVHGVPFSGPTCRVLACLYEKELEYEFVKLKMHEGEHKKQPFLSINPFGQVPGFQ 60

Query: 64  DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL 123
           DGD +LFESRAITQYI  NYA NGTQLI QDPKK   +LTW+EVESHH+D  A K++ EL
Sbjct: 61  DGDLTLFESRAITQYIVGNYANNGTQLIFQDPKKAAIVLTWIEVESHHYDPPASKLVLEL 120

Query: 124 CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM 183
           CLKP+LG GE DAAV E+ EAEL KVLDIYE +LAQSKYL GESFTLADLHHLPT+DYL 
Sbjct: 121 CLKPLLGWGETDAAVVEQSEAELAKVLDIYEDRLAQSKYLGGESFTLADLHHLPTIDYLF 180

Query: 184 GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALR 218
           GT+ KKLFE+RPHVNAW  DIMARPAWAKVLALR
Sbjct: 181 GTQMKKLFESRPHVNAWAVDIMARPAWAKVLALR 214

BLAST of MS013715 vs. NCBI nr
Match: XP_023515239.1 (glutathione S-transferase PARB-like [Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo])

HSP 1 Score: 350.5 bits (898), Expect = 1.0e-92
Identity = 164/214 (76.64%), Postives = 185/214 (86.45%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 4   MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ 63
           MA+SIKVHG+P S  TCRVLACLYEKEL++E V +KMHE EHKK+PFLS+NPFGQ+PGFQ
Sbjct: 1   MATSIKVHGVPFSGPTCRVLACLYEKELEYEFVKLKMHEGEHKKQPFLSINPFGQVPGFQ 60

Query: 64  DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL 123
           DGD +LFESRAITQYI  NYA NGTQLI QDPKK   +LTW+EVESHH+D  A K++ EL
Sbjct: 61  DGDLTLFESRAITQYIVGNYANNGTQLIFQDPKKAAIVLTWIEVESHHYDPPASKLVLEL 120

Query: 124 CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM 183
           CLKP+LG GE DAAV E+ EAEL KVLDIYE +LAQSKYL GESF+LADLHHLPT+DYL 
Sbjct: 121 CLKPLLGWGETDAAVVEQSEAELAKVLDIYEDRLAQSKYLGGESFSLADLHHLPTIDYLF 180

Query: 184 GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALR 218
           GT+ KKLFE+RPHVNAW ADIM RPAWAKVLALR
Sbjct: 181 GTQMKKLFESRPHVNAWAADIMGRPAWAKVLALR 214

BLAST of MS013715 vs. NCBI nr
Match: XP_038896921.1 (glutathione S-transferase-like [Benincasa hispida])

HSP 1 Score: 349.7 bits (896), Expect = 1.8e-92
Identity = 166/214 (77.57%), Postives = 189/214 (88.32%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 4   MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ 63
           MA +IKVHGIP STAT RVLA LYEK LQFELVNVK+HE EHK+EPFLSLNPFGQ+P FQ
Sbjct: 1   MAGAIKVHGIPTSTATGRVLAALYEKGLQFELVNVKLHEGEHKREPFLSLNPFGQVPAFQ 60

Query: 64  DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL 123
           DGD SLFESRAITQYIS NYA+NGTQL+ QDPKK   +LTW+EVESHHFD  AMK+++EL
Sbjct: 61  DGDLSLFESRAITQYISGNYASNGTQLVPQDPKKGAVVLTWIEVESHHFDPVAMKLVFEL 120

Query: 124 CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM 183
           CLKP+ GLG+AD AV E+ EA+LGKVLDIYEK+L++SKYL GESF+LADLHHLP L YL+
Sbjct: 121 CLKPVFGLGDADPAVVEQSEADLGKVLDIYEKRLSESKYLGGESFSLADLHHLPVLGYLL 180

Query: 184 GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALR 218
            T SKKLFE+RPHVNAWVADI+ARP+WAKVL LR
Sbjct: 181 ATPSKKLFESRPHVNAWVADIIARPSWAKVLELR 214

BLAST of MS013715 vs. ExPASy Swiss-Prot
Match: P30109 (Glutathione S-transferase PARB OS=Nicotiana tabacum OX=4097 GN=PARB PE=2 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 266.5 bits (680), Expect = 2.6e-70
Identity = 130/208 (62.50%), Postives = 159/208 (76.44%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 7   SIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQDGD 66
           +IKVHG P+STAT RV ACL EKEL FE V V M   EHKK P+LSLNPFGQ+P F+DGD
Sbjct: 2   AIKVHGSPMSTATMRVAACLIEKELDFEFVPVDMASGEHKKHPYLSLNPFGQVPAFEDGD 61

Query: 67  FSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWELCLK 126
             LFESRAITQYI+  YA NG QLI QDPKKM ++  W+EVE   F+  A K+ WEL +K
Sbjct: 62  LKLFESRAITQYIAHVYADNGYQLILQDPKKMPSMSVWMEVEGQKFEPPATKLTWELGIK 121

Query: 127 PMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLMGTR 186
           P++G+   DAAV E  EA+L KVLDIYE +LA+SKYL G+SFTL DLHH+P + YLM ++
Sbjct: 122 PIIGMTTDDAAVKE-SEAQLSKVLDIYETQLAESKYLGGDSFTLVDLHHIPNIYYLMSSK 181

Query: 187 SKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVL 215
            K++F++RP V+AW ADI+ARPAW K L
Sbjct: 182 VKEVFDSRPRVSAWCADILARPAWVKGL 208

BLAST of MS013715 vs. ExPASy Swiss-Prot
Match: P46423 (Glutathione S-transferase OS=Hyoscyamus muticus OX=35626 PE=1 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 263.8 bits (673), Expect = 1.7e-69
Identity = 125/207 (60.39%), Postives = 158/207 (76.33%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 8   IKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQDGDF 67
           +K+HG  +S A  RV+A L EK+L FELV V M   +HKKEPF++LNPFGQ+P F+DGD 
Sbjct: 3   MKLHGPAMSPAVMRVIATLKEKDLDFELVPVNMQAGDHKKEPFITLNPFGQVPAFEDGDL 62

Query: 68  SLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWELCLKP 127
            LFESRAITQYI+  YA  G QL++ DPKKM  +  W+EVES  FD  A K+ +E+ +KP
Sbjct: 63  KLFESRAITQYIAHTYADKGNQLLANDPKKMAIMSVWMEVESQKFDPVASKLTFEIVIKP 122

Query: 128 MLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLMGTRS 187
           MLG+   DAAVAE  E +LGKVLD+YE +L  SKYL G+SFTLADLHH P ++YLMGT+ 
Sbjct: 123 MLGMVTDDAAVAE-NEEKLGKVLDVYESRLKDSKYLGGDSFTLADLHHAPAMNYLMGTKV 182

Query: 188 KKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVL 215
           K LF++RPHV+AW ADI+ARPAW+K +
Sbjct: 183 KSLFDSRPHVSAWCADILARPAWSKAI 208

BLAST of MS013715 vs. ExPASy Swiss-Prot
Match: P46440 (Glutathione S-transferase APIC OS=Nicotiana tabacum OX=4097 GN=APIC PE=2 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 263.5 bits (672), Expect = 2.2e-69
Identity = 129/208 (62.02%), Postives = 157/208 (75.48%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 7   SIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQDGD 66
           +IKVHG P+STAT RV ACL EK+L FELV V M   EHKK P+LSLNPFGQ+P F+DGD
Sbjct: 2   AIKVHGSPMSTATMRVAACLIEKDLDFELVPVDMVSGEHKKHPYLSLNPFGQVPAFEDGD 61

Query: 67  FSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWELCLK 126
             LFESRAITQYI+  YA NG QLI QDPKKM  +  W+EVE   F+  A K+ WEL +K
Sbjct: 62  LKLFESRAITQYIAHVYADNGYQLILQDPKKMPIMSVWMEVEGQKFEPHASKLTWELGIK 121

Query: 127 PMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLMGTR 186
           P++G+   D AV E  E +L KVLDIYE +LA+SKYL G+SFTL DLHH+P + YLM T+
Sbjct: 122 PIIGMTTDDDAVKE-SEVQLSKVLDIYETRLAESKYLGGDSFTLVDLHHIPNIYYLMSTK 181

Query: 187 SKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVL 215
            K++F++RP V+AW ADI+ARPAW K L
Sbjct: 182 VKEVFDSRPRVSAWCADILARPAWVKGL 208

BLAST of MS013715 vs. ExPASy Swiss-Prot
Match: Q96266 (Glutathione S-transferase F8, chloroplastic OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=GSTF8 PE=1 SV=3)

HSP 1 Score: 242.7 bits (618), Expect = 4.0e-63
Identity = 127/220 (57.73%), Postives = 161/220 (73.18%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 1   SVSMASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIP 60
           S+ MA SIKVHG+P+STAT RVLA LYEK+LQFEL+ V M    HK+E  L+LNPFGQIP
Sbjct: 46  SIIMA-SIKVHGVPMSTATMRVLATLYEKDLQFELIPVDMRAGAHKQEAHLALNPFGQIP 105

Query: 61  GFQDGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAIL-TWVEVESHHFDQAAMKV 120
             +DGD +LFESRAITQY++  Y+  G +LISQD KK+ A    W++VE   FD  A K+
Sbjct: 106 ALEDGDLTLFESRAITQYLAEEYSEKGEKLISQDCKKVKATTNVWLQVEGQQFDPNASKL 165

Query: 121 IWELCLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTL 180
            +E   K M G+    AAV E  E +L KVLD+YE +LA+S++LAG+SFTLADLHHLP +
Sbjct: 166 AFERVFKGMFGMTTDPAAVQEL-EGKLQKVLDVYEARLAKSEFLAGDSFTLADLHHLPAI 225

Query: 181 DYLMGTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALRTQ 220
            YL+GT SK LF++RP V+ W+  I ARPAWAKV+ L+ Q
Sbjct: 226 HYLLGTDSKVLFDSRPKVSEWIKKISARPAWAKVIDLQKQ 263

BLAST of MS013715 vs. ExPASy Swiss-Prot
Match: Q9SRY5 (Glutathione S-transferase F7 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=GSTF7 PE=2 SV=3)

HSP 1 Score: 239.6 bits (610), Expect = 3.4e-62
Identity = 115/209 (55.02%), Postives = 150/209 (71.77%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 6   SSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQDG 65
           + IKV G P STAT RVL  L+EK L FE V++++ + EHKKEPF+  NPFG++P F+DG
Sbjct: 2   AGIKVFGHPASTATRRVLIALHEKNLDFEFVHIELKDGEHKKEPFIFRNPFGKVPAFEDG 61

Query: 66  DFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWELCL 125
           DF LFESRAITQYI+  Y+  G QL+S   K +  I   +E+ESH FD    K++WE  L
Sbjct: 62  DFKLFESRAITQYIAHFYSDKGNQLVSLGSKDIAGIAMGIEIESHEFDPVGSKLVWEQVL 121

Query: 126 KPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLMGT 185
           KP+ G+   D  V E+ EA+L KVLD+YE +L +SKYLA + FTL DLH +P + YL+GT
Sbjct: 122 KPLYGM-TTDKTVVEEEEAKLAKVLDVYEHRLGESKYLASDKFTLVDLHTIPVIQYLLGT 181

Query: 186 RSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVL 215
            +KKLF+ RPHV+AWVADI +RP+  KVL
Sbjct: 182 PTKKLFDERPHVSAWVADITSRPSAKKVL 209

BLAST of MS013715 vs. ExPASy TrEMBL
Match: A0A6J1DE37 (Glutathione transferase OS=Momordica charantia OX=3673 GN=LOC111019568 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 434.9 bits (1117), Expect = 2.0e-118
Identity = 215/216 (99.54%), Postives = 215/216 (99.54%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 4   MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ 63
           MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ
Sbjct: 1   MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ 60

Query: 64  DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL 123
           DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL
Sbjct: 61  DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL 120

Query: 124 CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM 183
           CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQS YLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM
Sbjct: 121 CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSTYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM 180

Query: 184 GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALRTQ 220
           GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALRTQ
Sbjct: 181 GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALRTQ 216

BLAST of MS013715 vs. ExPASy TrEMBL
Match: A0A6J1H7U4 (Glutathione transferase OS=Cucurbita moschata OX=3662 GN=LOC111460942 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 353.6 bits (906), Expect = 5.9e-94
Identity = 166/214 (77.57%), Postives = 186/214 (86.92%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 4   MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ 63
           MA+SIKVHG+P S  TCRVLACLYEKEL++E V +KMHE EHKK+PFLS+NPFGQ+PGFQ
Sbjct: 1   MATSIKVHGVPFSGPTCRVLACLYEKELEYEFVKLKMHEGEHKKQPFLSINPFGQVPGFQ 60

Query: 64  DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL 123
           DGD +LFESRAITQYI  NYA NGTQLI QDPKK   +LTW+EVESHH+D  A K++ EL
Sbjct: 61  DGDLTLFESRAITQYIVGNYANNGTQLIFQDPKKAAIVLTWIEVESHHYDPPASKLVLEL 120

Query: 124 CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM 183
           CLKP+LG GE DAAV E+ EAEL KVLDIYE +LAQSKYL GESFTLADLHHLPT+DYL 
Sbjct: 121 CLKPLLGWGETDAAVVEQSEAELAKVLDIYEDRLAQSKYLGGESFTLADLHHLPTIDYLF 180

Query: 184 GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALR 218
           GT+ KKLFE+RPHVNAW ADIMARPAWAKVLALR
Sbjct: 181 GTQMKKLFESRPHVNAWAADIMARPAWAKVLALR 214

BLAST of MS013715 vs. ExPASy TrEMBL
Match: A0A6J1KR11 (Glutathione transferase OS=Cucurbita maxima OX=3661 GN=LOC111497882 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 350.9 bits (899), Expect = 3.8e-93
Identity = 164/214 (76.64%), Postives = 185/214 (86.45%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 4   MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ 63
           MA+SI+VHG+P S  TCRVLACLYEKEL++E V +KMHE EHKK+PFLS+NPFGQ+PGFQ
Sbjct: 1   MATSIRVHGVPFSGPTCRVLACLYEKELEYEFVKLKMHEGEHKKQPFLSINPFGQVPGFQ 60

Query: 64  DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL 123
           DGD +LFESRAITQYI  NYA NGTQLI QDPKK   +LTW+EVESHH+D  A K++ EL
Sbjct: 61  DGDLTLFESRAITQYIVGNYANNGTQLIFQDPKKAAIVLTWIEVESHHYDPPASKLVLEL 120

Query: 124 CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM 183
           CLKP+LG GE DAAV E+ EAEL KVLDIYE +LAQSKYL GESFTLADLHHLPT+DYL 
Sbjct: 121 CLKPLLGWGETDAAVVEQSEAELAKVLDIYEDRLAQSKYLGGESFTLADLHHLPTIDYLF 180

Query: 184 GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALR 218
           GT+ KKLFE+RPHVNAW  DIMARPAWAKVLALR
Sbjct: 181 GTQMKKLFESRPHVNAWAVDIMARPAWAKVLALR 214

BLAST of MS013715 vs. ExPASy TrEMBL
Match: A0A5D3D300 (Glutathione transferase OS=Cucumis melo var. makuwa OX=1194695 GN=E5676_scaffold411G00330 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 345.9 bits (886), Expect = 1.2e-91
Identity = 164/214 (76.64%), Postives = 187/214 (87.38%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 4   MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ 63
           MA +IKVHGIP STAT RVLA LYEK LQFELVNVK+HE EHK+EPFLSLNPFGQ+P FQ
Sbjct: 1   MAGAIKVHGIPTSTATGRVLAALYEKGLQFELVNVKLHEGEHKREPFLSLNPFGQVPAFQ 60

Query: 64  DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL 123
           DGD +LFESRAITQYIS NYA+NGTQLI QDPKK   +LTW+EVESHHFD  AMK+++EL
Sbjct: 61  DGDLNLFESRAITQYISGNYASNGTQLIPQDPKKAAVVLTWIEVESHHFDPVAMKLVFEL 120

Query: 124 CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM 183
           CLKP+ G G+AD AV  + E ELGKVLDIYEK+L++SKYL GESF+LADLHHLP L YL+
Sbjct: 121 CLKPVFGWGDADPAVVAQSETELGKVLDIYEKRLSESKYLGGESFSLADLHHLPVLGYLL 180

Query: 184 GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALR 218
            T+SKKLFE+RPHVNAWVADI+ARP+WAKVL LR
Sbjct: 181 ATQSKKLFESRPHVNAWVADIIARPSWAKVLELR 214

BLAST of MS013715 vs. ExPASy TrEMBL
Match: A0A1S3BRV4 (Glutathione transferase OS=Cucumis melo OX=3656 GN=LOC103492839 PE=3 SV=1)

HSP 1 Score: 345.9 bits (886), Expect = 1.2e-91
Identity = 164/214 (76.64%), Postives = 187/214 (87.38%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 4   MASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQ 63
           MA +IKVHGIP STAT RVLA LYEK LQFELVNVK+HE EHK+EPFLSLNPFGQ+P FQ
Sbjct: 1   MAGAIKVHGIPTSTATGRVLAALYEKGLQFELVNVKLHEGEHKREPFLSLNPFGQVPAFQ 60

Query: 64  DGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWEL 123
           DGD +LFESRAITQYIS NYA+NGTQLI QDPKK   +LTW+EVESHHFD  AMK+++EL
Sbjct: 61  DGDLNLFESRAITQYISGNYASNGTQLIPQDPKKAAVVLTWIEVESHHFDPVAMKLVFEL 120

Query: 124 CLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLM 183
           CLKP+ G G+AD AV  + E ELGKVLDIYEK+L++SKYL GESF+LADLHHLP L YL+
Sbjct: 121 CLKPVFGWGDADPAVVAQSETELGKVLDIYEKRLSESKYLGGESFSLADLHHLPVLGYLL 180

Query: 184 GTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALR 218
            T+SKKLFE+RPHVNAWVADI+ARP+WAKVL LR
Sbjct: 181 ATQSKKLFESRPHVNAWVADIIARPSWAKVLELR 214

BLAST of MS013715 vs. TAIR 10
Match: AT2G47730.1 (glutathione S-transferase phi 8 )

HSP 1 Score: 242.7 bits (618), Expect = 2.8e-64
Identity = 127/220 (57.73%), Postives = 161/220 (73.18%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 1   SVSMASSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIP 60
           S+ MA SIKVHG+P+STAT RVLA LYEK+LQFEL+ V M    HK+E  L+LNPFGQIP
Sbjct: 46  SIIMA-SIKVHGVPMSTATMRVLATLYEKDLQFELIPVDMRAGAHKQEAHLALNPFGQIP 105

Query: 61  GFQDGDFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAIL-TWVEVESHHFDQAAMKV 120
             +DGD +LFESRAITQY++  Y+  G +LISQD KK+ A    W++VE   FD  A K+
Sbjct: 106 ALEDGDLTLFESRAITQYLAEEYSEKGEKLISQDCKKVKATTNVWLQVEGQQFDPNASKL 165

Query: 121 IWELCLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTL 180
            +E   K M G+    AAV E  E +L KVLD+YE +LA+S++LAG+SFTLADLHHLP +
Sbjct: 166 AFERVFKGMFGMTTDPAAVQEL-EGKLQKVLDVYEARLAKSEFLAGDSFTLADLHHLPAI 225

Query: 181 DYLMGTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVLALRTQ 220
            YL+GT SK LF++RP V+ W+  I ARPAWAKV+ L+ Q
Sbjct: 226 HYLLGTDSKVLFDSRPKVSEWIKKISARPAWAKVIDLQKQ 263

BLAST of MS013715 vs. TAIR 10
Match: AT1G02920.1 (glutathione S-transferase 7 )

HSP 1 Score: 239.6 bits (610), Expect = 2.4e-63
Identity = 115/209 (55.02%), Postives = 150/209 (71.77%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 6   SSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQDG 65
           + IKV G P STAT RVL  L+EK L FE V++++ + EHKKEPF+  NPFG++P F+DG
Sbjct: 2   AGIKVFGHPASTATRRVLIALHEKNLDFEFVHIELKDGEHKKEPFIFRNPFGKVPAFEDG 61

Query: 66  DFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWELCL 125
           DF LFESRAITQYI+  Y+  G QL+S   K +  I   +E+ESH FD    K++WE  L
Sbjct: 62  DFKLFESRAITQYIAHFYSDKGNQLVSLGSKDIAGIAMGIEIESHEFDPVGSKLVWEQVL 121

Query: 126 KPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLMGT 185
           KP+ G+   D  V E+ EA+L KVLD+YE +L +SKYLA + FTL DLH +P + YL+GT
Sbjct: 122 KPLYGM-TTDKTVVEEEEAKLAKVLDVYEHRLGESKYLASDKFTLVDLHTIPVIQYLLGT 181

Query: 186 RSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVL 215
            +KKLF+ RPHV+AWVADI +RP+  KVL
Sbjct: 182 PTKKLFDERPHVSAWVADITSRPSAKKVL 209

BLAST of MS013715 vs. TAIR 10
Match: AT1G02930.1 (glutathione S-transferase 6 )

HSP 1 Score: 232.3 bits (591), Expect = 3.8e-61
Identity = 113/209 (54.07%), Postives = 149/209 (71.29%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 6   SSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQDG 65
           + IKV G P STAT RVL  L+EK + FE V+V++ + EHKKEPF+  NPFG++P F+DG
Sbjct: 2   AGIKVFGHPASTATRRVLIALHEKNVDFEFVHVELKDGEHKKEPFILRNPFGKVPAFEDG 61

Query: 66  DFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWELCL 125
           DF +FESRAITQYI+  ++  G  L+S   K M  I   +E+ESH FD    K++WE  L
Sbjct: 62  DFKIFESRAITQYIAHEFSDKGNNLLSTG-KDMAIIAMGIEIESHEFDPVGSKLVWEQVL 121

Query: 126 KPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLMGT 185
           KP+ G+   D  V E+ EA+L KVLD+YE +L +SKYLA + FTL DLH +P + YL+GT
Sbjct: 122 KPLYGM-TTDKTVVEEEEAKLAKVLDVYEHRLGESKYLASDHFTLVDLHTIPVIQYLLGT 181

Query: 186 RSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVL 215
            +KKLF+ RPHV+AWVADI +RP+  KVL
Sbjct: 182 PTKKLFDERPHVSAWVADITSRPSAQKVL 208

BLAST of MS013715 vs. TAIR 10
Match: AT1G02930.2 (glutathione S-transferase 6 )

HSP 1 Score: 232.3 bits (591), Expect = 3.8e-61
Identity = 113/209 (54.07%), Postives = 149/209 (71.29%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 6   SSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQDG 65
           + IKV G P STAT RVL  L+EK + FE V+V++ + EHKKEPF+  NPFG++P F+DG
Sbjct: 2   AGIKVFGHPASTATRRVLIALHEKNVDFEFVHVELKDGEHKKEPFILRNPFGKVPAFEDG 61

Query: 66  DFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMGAILTWVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWELCL 125
           DF +FESRAITQYI+  ++  G  L+S   K M  I   +E+ESH FD    K++WE  L
Sbjct: 62  DFKIFESRAITQYIAHEFSDKGNNLLSTG-KDMAIIAMGIEIESHEFDPVGSKLVWEQVL 121

Query: 126 KPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYLMGT 185
           KP+ G+   D  V E+ EA+L KVLD+YE +L +SKYLA + FTL DLH +P + YL+GT
Sbjct: 122 KPLYGM-TTDKTVVEEEEAKLAKVLDVYEHRLGESKYLASDHFTLVDLHTIPVIQYLLGT 181

Query: 186 RSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVL 215
            +KKLF+ RPHV+AWVADI +RP+  KVL
Sbjct: 182 PTKKLFDERPHVSAWVADITSRPSAQKVL 208

BLAST of MS013715 vs. TAIR 10
Match: AT2G02930.1 (glutathione S-transferase F3 )

HSP 1 Score: 230.7 bits (587), Expect = 1.1e-60
Identity = 120/212 (56.60%), Postives = 149/212 (70.28%), Query Frame = 0

Query: 6   SSIKVHGIPISTATCRVLACLYEKELQFELVNVKMHEEEHKKEPFLSLNPFGQIPGFQDG 65
           + IKV G P ST+T RVL  L+EK L FELV+V++ + EHKKEPFLS NPFGQ+P F+DG
Sbjct: 2   AGIKVFGHPASTSTRRVLIALHEKNLDFELVHVELKDGEHKKEPFLSRNPFGQVPAFEDG 61

Query: 66  DFSLFESRAITQYISANYATNGTQLISQDPKKMG--AILT-WVEVESHHFDQAAMKVIWE 125
           D  LFESRAITQYI+  Y   GT L+  D K +   AI++  ++VE+H FD  A K+ WE
Sbjct: 62  DLKLFESRAITQYIAHRYENQGTNLLPADSKNIAQYAIMSIGIQVEAHQFDPVASKLAWE 121

Query: 126 LCLKPMLGLGEADAAVAEKGEAELGKVLDIYEKKLAQSKYLAGESFTLADLHHLPTLDYL 185
              K   GL    A VAE+ EA+L KVLD+YE +L + KYLAGE+FTL DLHH+P + YL
Sbjct: 122 QVFKFNYGLNTDQAVVAEE-EAKLAKVLDVYEARLKEFKYLAGETFTLTDLHHIPVIQYL 181

Query: 186 MGTRSKKLFEARPHVNAWVADIMARPAWAKVL 215
           +GT +KKLF  RP VN WVA+I  RPA  KVL
Sbjct: 182 LGTPTKKLFTERPRVNEWVAEITKRPASEKVL 212

The following BLAST results are available for this feature:
Match NameE-valueIdentityDescription
XP_022151657.14.2e-11899.54glutathione S-transferase PARB-like [Momordica charantia][more]
XP_022960088.11.2e-9377.57glutathione S-transferase PARB-like [Cucurbita moschata] >KAG6593186.1 Glutathio... [more]
XP_023004652.17.9e-9376.64glutathione S-transferase PARB-like [Cucurbita maxima][more]
XP_023515239.11.0e-9276.64glutathione S-transferase PARB-like [Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo][more]
XP_038896921.11.8e-9277.57glutathione S-transferase-like [Benincasa hispida][more]
Match NameE-valueIdentityDescription
P301092.6e-7062.50Glutathione S-transferase PARB OS=Nicotiana tabacum OX=4097 GN=PARB PE=2 SV=1[more]
P464231.7e-6960.39Glutathione S-transferase OS=Hyoscyamus muticus OX=35626 PE=1 SV=1[more]
P464402.2e-6962.02Glutathione S-transferase APIC OS=Nicotiana tabacum OX=4097 GN=APIC PE=2 SV=1[more]
Q962664.0e-6357.73Glutathione S-transferase F8, chloroplastic OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=G... [more]
Q9SRY53.4e-6255.02Glutathione S-transferase F7 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana OX=3702 GN=GSTF7 PE=2 SV=3[more]
Match NameE-valueIdentityDescription
A0A6J1DE372.0e-11899.54Glutathione transferase OS=Momordica charantia OX=3673 GN=LOC111019568 PE=3 SV=1[more]
A0A6J1H7U45.9e-9477.57Glutathione transferase OS=Cucurbita moschata OX=3662 GN=LOC111460942 PE=3 SV=1[more]
A0A6J1KR113.8e-9376.64Glutathione transferase OS=Cucurbita maxima OX=3661 GN=LOC111497882 PE=3 SV=1[more]
A0A5D3D3001.2e-9176.64Glutathione transferase OS=Cucumis melo var. makuwa OX=1194695 GN=E5676_scaffold... [more]
A0A1S3BRV41.2e-9176.64Glutathione transferase OS=Cucumis melo OX=3656 GN=LOC103492839 PE=3 SV=1[more]
Match NameE-valueIdentityDescription
AT2G47730.12.8e-6457.73glutathione S-transferase phi 8 [more]
AT1G02920.12.4e-6355.02glutathione S-transferase 7 [more]
AT1G02930.13.8e-6154.07glutathione S-transferase 6 [more]
AT1G02930.23.8e-6154.07glutathione S-transferase 6 [more]
AT2G02930.11.1e-6056.60glutathione S-transferase F3 [more]
InterPro
Analysis Name: InterPro Annotations of Bitter gourd (TR) v1
Date Performed: 2021-10-25
IPR TermIPR DescriptionSourceSource TermSource DescriptionAlignment
IPR004046Glutathione S-transferase, C-terminalPFAMPF00043GST_Ccoord: 115..208
e-value: 2.6E-18
score: 66.0
IPR004045Glutathione S-transferase, N-terminalPFAMPF02798GST_Ncoord: 7..80
e-value: 2.8E-18
score: 66.0
IPR004045Glutathione S-transferase, N-terminalPROSITEPS50404GST_NTERcoord: 6..87
score: 21.755777
NoneNo IPR availableGENE3D3.40.30.10Glutaredoxincoord: 7..91
e-value: 1.5E-26
score: 94.3
NoneNo IPR availableGENE3D1.20.1050.10coord: 94..218
e-value: 1.1E-47
score: 162.6
NoneNo IPR availableSFLDSFLDG01154Main.5:_Phi-likecoord: 7..216
e-value: 0.0
score: 289.9
NoneNo IPR availableSFLDSFLDG00358Main_(cytGST)coord: 7..216
e-value: 0.0
score: 289.9
NoneNo IPR availablePANTHERPTHR43900GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE RHOcoord: 6..219
NoneNo IPR availablePANTHERPTHR43900:SF47GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE F6-RELATEDcoord: 6..219
NoneNo IPR availableCDDcd03053GST_N_Phicoord: 8..82
e-value: 7.20871E-35
score: 116.981
IPR010987Glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal-likePROSITEPS50405GST_CTERcoord: 94..219
score: 23.896406
IPR034347Glutathione S-transferases Phi, C-terminalCDDcd03187GST_C_Phicoord: 96..214
e-value: 3.82929E-64
score: 192.828
IPR036282Glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal domain superfamilySUPERFAMILY47616GST C-terminal domain-likecoord: 78..217
IPR036249Thioredoxin-like superfamilySUPERFAMILY52833Thioredoxin-likecoord: 7..87

Relationships

The following mRNA feature(s) are a part of this gene:

Feature NameUnique NameType
MS013715.1MS013715.1mRNA


GO Annotation
GO Assignments
This gene is annotated with the following GO terms.
Category Term Accession Term Name
biological_process GO:0006749 glutathione metabolic process
molecular_function GO:0005515 protein binding